Study John 19

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John 19 Outline - The Judgment, Crucifixion, and Burial of Jesus

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Jesus is Beaten. (vv.1-3)

• Pilate scourges Jesus. (v.1)

• The soldiers put a crown of thorns on Jesus’ head and a purple robe on Him. (v.2)

• They mocked Him, saying, "Hail, King of the Jews!" And the hit Him with their hands. (v.3)

Pilate Before the Jews. (vv.4-7)

• Pilate brings Jesus before the people again to tell them that he finds no fault in Him. (v.4)

• Jesus is physically brought out and shown to the people. (v.5)

• The chief priests and officers yell to crucify Jesus but Pilate says for them to crucify Him because He found no fault in Jesus. (v.6)

• The Jews answer that Jesus ought to die by their law because He made Himself to be the Son of God. (v.7)

Pilate with Jesus. (vv.8-11)

• Pilate becomes even more fearful at the crowds response and goes into Jesus again and asks Him, "Whence art thou?". (vv.8-9)

• Jesus does not answer Pilate and Pilate reminds Him that he has the power to crucify Jesus. Jesus tells Pilate that he would have no power at all unless God gave it to him. (vv.10-11)

• Jesus said that the one who delivered Him to Pilate had the greater sin. (v.11)

Pilate’s Judgment. (vv.12-16)

• Pilate still tries to find a way to release Jesus but the Jews tell him that if he lets Jesus go, he is not Caesar’s friend because whoever tries to make Himself a king speaks against Caesar. (v.12)

• When Pilate hears this, he brings Jesus forth and sets down in the judgment seat in a place called, the Pavement. In the Hebrew, this place is called Gabbatha. (v.13)

• These things occur at the sixth hour on the preparation of the Passover. At this time, Pilate brings forth Jesus and says , "Behold your King!". (v.14)

• Pilate asks if he shall crucify their king. The Jews reply that they have no king but Caesar. (v.15)

• Pilate delivers Jesus to be crucified. (v.16)

Jesus is Crucified. (vv.17-22)

• Jesus bears His cross to "the place of the skull" which in the Hebrew is called Golgotha. (v.17)

• Jesus was crucified between two other people. (v.18)

• Pilate puts a title on Jesus’ cross: "JESUS OF NAZARETH THE KING OF THE JEWS." It is written in Hebrew, Greek, and Latin. (vv.19-20)

• The Jews want Pilate to change the title to "He said, I am the King of the Jews." Pilate says, "What I have written I have written." He won’t change it. (vv.21-22)

Jesus’ Garments. (vv.23-24)

• When they had crucified Jesus, the soldiers took His garments and made four parts, one part for each soldier. However, Jesus’ coat was without seam, woven from the top throughout. (vv.23-24)

• They decide not to rend it but to cast lots for it. This fulfilled Psalm 22:18. (v.24)

By the Cross. (vv.25-27)

• By the cross stood:. (vv.25-26)

    - Jesus’ mother.

    - His mother’s sister.

    - Mary, the wife of Cleophas.

    - Mary Magdalene.

    - The disciple whom Jesus loved.

• Jesus tells His mother, "Woman behold thy son" referring to the disciple whom Jesus loved. And to that disciple, Jesus says, "Behold thy mother." (vv.26-27)

• From that time on, this disciple took Mary into his home. (v.27)

Jesus’ Death. (vv.28-37)

• Knowing that the Scriptures must be fulfilled, Jesus said "I thirst." (v.28)

• They had a vessel full of vinegar. They filled a sponge with vinegar and put it on hyssop and put it to Jesus’ mouth. (v.29)

• When Jesus had taken the vinegar, He said, "It is finished" and died. (v.30)

• Since it was the preparation and the Jews did not want bodies on the cross on Sabbath they besought Pilate to break the legs of the ones being crucified. (Deut. 21:22-23). (v.31)

• The Sabbath was an high day because the feast of the Passover feast commenced on the Sabbath.

• The soldiers break the legs of the other two who were crucified but when they come to Jesus they realized that He was already dead so they did not break His legs. (vv.32-33)

• One of the soldiers pierced Jesus’ side with a spear and blood and water came out. (v.34)

• Two Scriptures were fulfilled, "A bone of him shall not be broken" (Psalms 34:20; Exodus 12:46). And "They shall look on him whom they pierced." (Zech. 12:10).

Jesus is Buried. (vv.38-42)

• Joseph of Arimathaea was a secret disciple of Jesus for fear of the Jews. He asks Pilate for the body of Jesus and Pilate gives it to him. (v.38)

• Nicodemus comes with a mixture of myrrh and aloes, about an hundred pound weight. (v.39)

• They took Jesus’ body and wound it in linen clothes and the spices. (v.40)

• In the place where Jesus was crucified was a garden where there was a new tomb which no one had ever been buried in. (v.41)

• Jesus is laid there. (v.42)